Microphones
Learning objectives
- To define what is called a transducer.
- To distinguish between different microphone technologies.
- To illustrate an application of capacitors (used as accelerometers).
- To illustrate an application of Faraday induction.
- To illustrate an application of piezoelectric crystals.
A microphone is a transducer that converts a mechanical (acoustic) wave to an electrical signal. From this point of view, it is the symmetrical opposite of a loudspeaker. There are different types of microphones. In each case, we find something vibrating under the influence of a sound wave and the use of a physical law to convert this mechanical vibration to an electric signal.
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